Международный эндокринологический журнал Том 22, №3, 2026

Актуальність. Довгі некодуючі РНК (long non-coding RNA — lncR) характеризуються високим ступенем тканиноспецифічної експресії генів, що дозволяє розглядати певні їх сукупності як діагностичні маркери метаболічно асоційованого стеатогепатиту (metabolic-associated steatohepatitis — MASH). Метою цього огляду є надати сучасні дані щодо ролі довгих некодуючих РНК в епігенетичному впливі на розвиток метаболічно асоційованого стеатогепатиту шляхом аналізу даних сучасної наукової літератури. Матеріали та методи. Проведено аналіз 76 літературних джерел баз даних MEDLINE, Embase, PreMedline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, The Cochrane Systematic Reviews Database, DARE, NHS EED та HTA, Web of Knowledge Science Citation Index, Web of Knowledge ISI Proceedings, CRD, BIOSIS за останні п’ять років, які були відібрані за ключовими словами: довгі некодуючі стеатогенні РНК; епігенетична регуляція; метаболічно асоційована жирова хвороба печінки; стеатотична хвороба печінки, асоційована з метаболічною дисфункцією; ожиріння. PROSPERO CRD420250652980. Аналіз літератури. Темпоральний аналіз показав, що періодичні флуктуації експресії більшості lncR призводять до розвитку як запалення, так і продукції прозапальних цитокінів. Інгібування фактора транскрипції NF-κB пригнічує активність експресії більшості прозапальних lncR. Довгі некодуючі РНК беруть участь у розвитку MASH переважно шляхом активації прозапальних сигнальних шляхів, факторів транскрипції (NF-κB, AP-1) та інфламасом. Довгі некодуючі РНК, регулюючи рівень експресії цитокінів (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF) та хемокінів (CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL5), визначають рекрутинг прозапальних імуноцитів, місцеву судинну реакцію і, як наслідок, ступінь запальної реакції тканини печінки при стеатотичній хворобі печінки, асоційованій із метаболічною дисфункцією. Висновки. Прозапальні й протизапальні lncR є епігенетичними регуляторами запалення печінки, що визначають розвиток MASH і можуть розглядатися як потенційні мішені протизапальної медикаментозної терапії хворих на MASH.

Background. Long non-coding RNAs (lncR) are characterized by a high degree of tissue-specific gene expression, allowing certain combinations to be considered as diagnostic markers of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). The purpose of this literature review is to present current data on the role of long non-coding RNAs in the epigenetic influence on the development of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis, based on analysis of contemporary scientific literature. Materials and methods. An analysis of 76 literature sources from the past five years was conducted using the databases MEDLINE, Embase, PreMedline In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, The Cochrane Systematic Reviews Database, DARE, NHS EED and HTA databases, Web of Knowledge Science Citation Index, Web of Knowledge ISI Proceedings, CRD databases, and BIOSIS. Sources were selected using the keywords: long non-coding steatogenic RNAs, epigenetic regulation, metabolically associated fatty liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, obesity. PROSPERO registration: CRD420250652980. Literature analysis. Temporal analysis showed that periodic fluctuations in the expression of most lncR lead to both inflammation development and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of the transcription factor NF-κB suppresses the expression activity of most pro-inflammatory lncR. Long non-coding RNAs participate in the development of MASH primarily by activating pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, transcription factors (NF-κB, AP-1), and inflammasomes. By regulating the expression levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF) and chemokines (CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL5), lncR determine the recruitment of pro-inflammatory immune cells, local vascular response, and, consequently, the degree of inflammatory reaction in liver tissue in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Conclusions. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory lncR are epigenetic regulators of liver inflammation that determine the development of MASH and may be considered potential targets for anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy in patients with MASH.

діти; ожиріння; метаболічно асоційований стеатогепатит; довгі некодуючі РНК; огляд літератури

children; obesity; metabolic-associated steatohepatitis; long non-coding RNAs; literature review

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